D
Definition
The miles or time a vehicle travels without a passenger on board. This includes driving from the depot to the first pick-up, or between the drop-off of one passenger and the pick-up of the next.
Overview
Why it Matters
Deadhead miles are "empty miles" that generate cost (fuel, wages, wear) without generating revenue. High deadhead rates kill profitability.
How it Works
Dispatch software tracks "Revenue Miles" (passenger on board) vs. "Deadhead Miles" (passenger not on board).
Code Comparison
Comparison: Deadhead vs. Revenue Miles
Revenue Miles: You are getting paid (e.g., $3.00/mile). Deadhead: You are losing money (Costing you ~$1.50/mile).
Common Questions
- Driver Commute: Paying drivers for the deadhead from their home to the first pickup when it should be unpaid commutation (check local labor laws).
- Inefficient Routing: Sending a driver 20 miles across town empty to pick up a 2-mile trip.
- Target a "Revenue-to-Deadhead Ratio" of at least 60/40 (60% of miles should be paid).
- Use "Route Optimization" software to minimize gaps between drop-offs and pick-ups.
Sources
Transit Cooperative Research Program - Paratransit Operations